The Fence Post

Running Fence

Christo and Jeanne-Claude   

A Passing Horizon

In April of 1976, after four years of planning and obtaining required permits and permission, construction began on an unusual fence. Completed on September 10, Christo and Jeanne-Claude's "Running Fence" was removed, leaving no traces, fourteen days later on September 23rd.

The 18 foot high fence was made with 2,222,222 square feet of heavy woven white nylon fabric. It wound for 24-1/2 miles through the rolling hills of Sonoma and Marin counties in northern California, terminating in the Pacific Ocean in Bodega Bay. The Running Fence crossed 14 roads and the town of Valley Ford. Openings were left for cars, people, cattle and wildlife. It was placed so that it could be viewed from 40 miles of public roads, as shown in this old super 8 movie.

Creating the Fence, Dismantling the Fence

350,000 hooks were used to attach the top and bottom edges of the heavy fabric to steel cables. The cables were secured to 2,050 - 3-1/2" x 21' tubular steel posts set 36" in the ground. Posts were not set in concrete. 90 miles of cable and 14,000 earth anchors were used to laterally brace the posts. Close to 400 people helped install the fence. After its removal, all material was given to the ranchers who had allowed it to pass through their property.

In addition to the materials used, all paid for by Christo and Jeanne-Claude, this monumental art project consisted of:

• 18 public hearings
• participation of local ranchers
• 42 months of collaborative efforts
• drafting a 450 page Environmental impact Report
• three sessions of the Superior Courts of California
• temporary use of hills, the Pacific Ocean and the sky

The project elicited strong reactions.

Do you think this is a work of art?

The Aesthetic Edge

Living fencing can be an alternative to conventional wire, wood, vinyl and masonry fences. As noted in David Beaulieu's excellent article "Living Walls as Privacy Fences", living fencing has certain advantages:

• lower cost
• more attractive
• fruit production
• reduces traffic noise
• seasonal foliage variation
• provides a habitat for birds and small animals
• sometimes less restricted by zoning regulations
• can be pruned and sculpted into different shapes

Simplicity, Beauty, Style

Living fences make excellent privacy screens around your property. Planting a thicket of small trees or shrubs creates an effective barrier. Flowering bushes, deciduous and evergreen shrubs can be planted. The type of plants used will determine the height, width and appearance of the fence. How they are planted will determine the visual and physical tightness of the barrier. If necessary, a conventional fence can also be used to keep pets and children in the yard. A living fence can also be used around smaller areas in the yard such as patios.

An Efficient Windbreak

Living snow fences can also be a great alternative to plastic or wood snow fencing. The design will determine downwind snow distribution. A dense multiple row living snow fence will pile snow in a restricted area, reducing the need to plow highways and driveways. To make windbreak for the uniform distribution of snow across a field, a single row of tall deciduous trees can be spaced 15 to 20 feet apart. Snow will be distributed to a distance of 10 to 15 times the height of the trees.

Creating a Beautiful Hedge

A good hedge doesn't stop the wind but breaks up as it rushes across the land, sparing plants needing protection. A solid fence can sometimes create a pocket of air as it surmounts the top of the fence whereas a hedge distributes the flow of wind. Happily, the hedge creates a habitat for birds and enhances the environment. Be careful in your choice of plants for a hedge. For privacy and a consistent wind block, look for a hedge that doesn't drop its leaves in winter. Some research is required.

Here's a video about a boxwood hedge that may be of interest:

Learn more about living snow fences. 

Have you ever considered planting a living fence? Would living snow fencing be a solution that would work for you?

A nuisance in the fields, gardens, highways...

It is common knowledge that deer have become a problem which seems to intensify every year.  Deer have been forced into closer contact with humans as their natural habitat has decreased. Also, the numbers of their main predators, wolves and cougars, have dwindled over the years. Hence, their population is on the rebound. As a result, deer have become not only a nuisance but also, in some situations, a threat to human life.

• Hungry deer invade gardens and areas with expensive plantings.
• The impact on agriculture - farms and orchards - is extensive and expensive.
• The USDA estimates that total deer damage from auto collisions and crop and timber losses
  reaches at least $1 billion a year
• Deer on the roads cause many accidents, often fatal to both deer and people.
• There are 1.5 million car accidents with deer each year, resulting in human fatalities, and personal injuries.
• When deer are present there is an increased risk to humans of Lyme disease spread by ticks.
• Deer overpopulation reduces the quality of habitat. The resulting lack of food can lead to unhealthy diseased deer.

The population increases have been in both urban and suburban areas. Forested areas have suffered, too. The over-browsing of the undergrowth of trees robs birds of habitat and disrupts new growth of trees: disrupting seedlings, buds, while the rubbing of antlers on trees can destroy them completely.

It's not always straightforward. A few possible means of control are:

      Exclusion  

• Deer and wildlife fence barriers
• Individual trees and plants protection
• Plants deer dislike                                                                                                                                             

      Deterrents                                                                                                                                                               

• Devices to scare deer with sound or visual stimuli
• Dogs
• Repellents using odors deer dislike                                                                                                                   

      Population management                                                                                                                                       

• Hunting
• Culling - thinning out weak unhealthy animals
• Fertility control

What do you think is the best solution for your particular deer problem?

Is there one solution that can address every situation? Is inaction the better strategy?

The Wonders of Automation--

Welded Wire Meshes and Fences

• As the name implies, they are made from wires that have been welded into a mesh.
• In most cases, the same gauge of wire is used throughout the roll.
• Welded joints are rigid and have little flexibility.
• Many welded products with larger openings are used as fencing.
• Mesh sizes can range from 1/2" x 1/2" up to 6" x 6".
• Meshes with smaller openings are usually made with lighter gauge wires.
• These are mostly used as screening.
• Some specifications of welded meshes are vinyl coated.

• Welded fencing is ideal to use on flat terrain where little flexibility is necessary.
• Some examples of uses:

Woven Wire Meshes and Fences

What are they?

• Fences made by weaving the wires into a mesh.
• Different gauge wires are sometimes used in the same roll.
• Woven joints are flexible yet very strong.
• There are a wide variety of mesh size openings available.
• Hexagonal netting (chicken wire), field and farm fence, deer and wildlife fence, chain link and ornamental fence are some examples.

What are their uses?

• Woven wire fences are ideal to use in situations where the ground is uneven.
• The inherent flexibility allows the fence to adjust more easily to grade changes.
• Some examples of uses:

Keep these differences in mind when you are planning to install a fence. Which type do you want to use?